اثر رقابت بر رفاه بیمه‎گذاران و ریسک بیمه‎گران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، سیاستگذاری بازرگانی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بررسی وضعیت بازار بیمۀ کشور پس از خصوصی­سازی از دیدگاه ساختار رقابتی، رفاه بیمه­گذاران و ریسک بیمه­گران، هدف اصلی این پژوهش است. در این مسیر ضمن محاسبه و تحلیل شاخص هرفیندال ـ هیرشمن (HHI) به‎عنوان نمایندۀ ساختار رقابتی بازار، شاخص رفاه از دست‎رفتۀ مصرف‎کننده (DWL) به‎عنوان نمایندۀ حقوق بیمه‎گذاران و شاخص ریسک بیمه‎گری (R) به‎عنوان نمایندۀ ریسک صنعت بیمه، رابطۀ آنها با شاخص خصوصی‎سازی (تعداد شرکت‎های بیمه­گر) بررسی شده است. از داده‎های مالی صنعت بیمه بین سال‎های 1382 تا 1392 استفاده شده و در نهایت به‎کمک رگرسیون خطی، رابطۀ بین شاخص‎ها سنجیده شده است. محاسبات نشان می­دهد پس از آغاز خصوصی­سازی در صنعت بیمه، از میزان انحصار بازار بیمه کاسته‎شده؛ شاخص رفاه از دست‎رفته در طول ده سال مورد مطالعه کاهش‎یافته، یا به بیان دیگر رفاه مصرف‎کننده افزایش یافته و بر ریسک بیمه‎گری در این دوره به‎شدت افزوده شده است. محاسبات رگرسیون نیز نشان می‎دهد رابطۀ قوی و معناداری بین خصوصی‎سازی (افزایش تعداد شرکت‎های بیمه‎گر)، رقابت، ریسک بازار و رفاه مصرف‎کننده وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

competition effects on policyholders' welfare and insurers' risk

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hashem Aghazadeh 1
  • Fatemeh Abbasi Beni 2
1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate in Strategic Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the index of market competition, consumer welfare lost, underwriting risk and the relationship between them and the process of privatization in the insurance industry, is studied. The results show that with the privatization in the insurance industry, the insurance market has lost the monopoly, lost welfare during the last ten years, but dropped sharply increased underwriting risk.
In view of the increasing competition in the market, has increased the need for effective monitoring. Regression calculations show that a strong and significant relationship is between privatization (increasing the number of insurance companies), competition, market risks and consumer welfare.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deadweight loss DWL
  • Herfindahl-Hirschman Index HHI
  • risk underwriting
  • Privatization
  • the insurance industry of Iran
Barrese, J., Grace, M. & Scordis, N. (2005). Concentration in the US Propert-Liability Insurance Industry. Working paper series of Geneva Association, Etudes et Dossoer, No: 302.
Basturk, F.H. (2012). Characteristics and competition structure of Turkish insurance industry, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 62: 1084-1088.
Clougherty, J. & A. Zhang. (2008). Domestic Rivalry and Export Performance: Theory and Evidence from International Airline Markets London, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
Corchon, L. & Zudenkova, G. (2010). The Welfare Effects of Location and Quality in Oligopoly, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Departamento de Economía. Working paper, No.08.
Estrin, S., Meyer, K., Wright, M. & Foliano, F. (2007). Export Propensity and Intensity of Subsidiaries in Emerging Economies. International Business Review, 17(5), 574-586.
Fan, Y. (2010). Ownership Consolidation and Product Quality: A Study of the U.S. Daily Newspaper Market. Mimeo, University of Michigan.
Ghanbari, A., Sadeghi, M. & Khani, N. (2010). Estimate the demand for doctors’ professional liability insurance in Iran. Insurance Industry Quarterly, 25(1), 129-155. (in Persian)
Hanifezade, L. (2010). Ownership structure and performance of insurance companies in Iran. Insurance Industry Quarterly, 25(2), 139-164. (in Persian)
Hassas-Yegane,Y. & Taghizade, S. (2015). The effect of corporate governance and financial mechanisms on provide renewed financial statements of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Financial Research, 17(1), 39-58.
Insurance Annual Report (2013-2014), Central Insurance of I.R. of Iran, Iran, Tehran. (in Persian)
Jalalabadi, A. & Mirjalili, F. (2007). Monopoly and concentration in Iranian industries: 2000-2005. Journal of Iran’s Economics Essays, 7, 197-232.
(in Persian)
Jalali-Lavasani, E. (2005). The effect of macroeconomic variables on the life insurance demand. Insurance Industry Quarterly, 20(2), 117-158. (in Persian)
Karami, Gh. & Sadighi, F. (2016). Disclosure level and determinants in banks with an emphasis on corporate governance and Islamic axis. Journal of Financial Research, 17(2), 357-376.
Kardgar, E. (1998). Factors affecting the demand for life insurance in the Iran. Insurance Industry Quarterly, 48(4), 73-84. (in Persian)
Khodadad-Kashi, F. (2006). Structure and market performance theory and its application in the industrial sector in Iran, Second Edition. Institute for Trade Studies and Research, Tehran. (in Persian)
Mehrabani, V. & Tayebnia, A. (2013). The structure of the domestic market and the export performance of industrial enterprises in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Economic Research and Policies, 21(1), 29-48. (in Persian)
Mehregan, M.R., Safari, H. & Jafarzade, A.H. (2016). Iran Insurance Corporation evaluated using financial ratios and mathematical modeling. Journal of Financial Research, 17(2), 393-414.
Mirzaienezhad, M.R. & Mohammadi, M. (2010). Region Insurance business demand function in Iran in the years 2001-2007. Economics Journal, 1(4), 48-65. (in Persian)
Nemati, M. & Kazemi, A. (2015). Ranking of insurance companies using Multi Attribute Decision Making, Journal of Financial Research, 16(1), 163-180.
Paul C., Raul F. & L. Cassey (2007), Competitive Advantage and Competition Policy in Developing Countries. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Pazhvian, J. & Pour-Partovi, M. (2003). Estimate and forecast the demand for life insurance. Insurance Industry Quarterly, 18(1), 5-28. (in Persian)
Pervan, M. & Pavic, I.(2006), Changes in degree of industrial concentration in the Croatian insurance industry. Sixth International Conference on Enterprise in Transition Micro to Macro and the EU Enlargement.
Peyravian, A. & Zaranezhad, M. (2012). The effect of market structure on the performance of the insurance industry in Iran, New Monthly Insurance World, 176, 4-17. (in Persian)
Pour-Partovi, M., Danesh-Jafari, D. & Jalalabadi, A. (2009). A Comparative Study of monopoly and concentration in some of the industries. Quarterly Economic Research Review, 9(4), 129-154. (in Persian)
Regulation No.69 of High Council of Insurance. Regulation about how to calculate and monitor the solvency of insurance companies, approved in 2010.
(in Persian)
Rezaei, F. & Haghigh, H. (2012). Market concentration and Stock Returns in manufacturing industry. Journal of Industrial Management Studies, 9(25), 133-159. (in Persian)
Rezaie, M. (2005). Estimated demand for fire insurance. Insurance Industry Quarterly, 20(1), 123-150. (in Persian)
Sadrai-Javaheri, A. (2011). An introduction to the principles of competition policy, Economic Journal, (9-10), 181-190. (in Persian)
Shahbazi, H., Kavousi, M., Peykani, Gh., Erfanian, Z. & Aabedi, S. (2009). Estimated welfare loss due to monopoly in the milk production industry in Iran, Agricultural Economic and Development, 17(65(, 39-53. (in Persian)
Solleiro, J. L. & Castanon, R. (2005), Competitiveness and innovation systems: the challenges for Mexico’s insertion in the global context. Technovation, 25, 1059-1070.