طراحی بهینۀ اوراق بهادارسازی در رابطه کارفرما-کارگزار براساس رویکرد استنباط بیزین از مخاطرۀ اخلاقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد، دانشکدۀ اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

در فرایند اوراق بهادارسازی، بانی با فروش وام به سرمایه­گذاران ریسک­پذیر، می­تواند ریسک وام­های رهنی را به آنها تخصیص دهد. در این صورت ممکن است بانی انگیزه­ای برای غربال‎ قرض­گیرندگان نداشته باشد، بنابراین مشکل مخاطرۀ اخلاقی به‎وجود می­آید. این نوشتار در قالب رابطۀ کارفرما ـ کارگزار، این نوع مسئلۀ عاملیت را بررسی می‎کند؛ بدین صورت که سرمایه­گذار برای کاهش عدم تقارن اطلاعات از برنامۀ جبران برای ایجاد انگیزه به بانی استفاده می‎کند و به استنباط ابعاد مختلف تلاش انجام‎گرفته، از قاعدۀ بیز کمک می‎گیرد و اعتقادهای پسین مشترک خود از مشاهدات وضعیت اعتباری ادغام وام­ها و ابعاد مختلف تلاش را در مسئلۀ طراحی قرارداد لحاظ می‎کند. نتایج نشان می‎دهد شکل قرارداد بهینه، تابعی از محتوای اطلاعاتی مشاهده‎های سرمایه­گذار و اطلاعات استنباط‌شده است و حاکی از آن است که استفاده از اطلاعات اضافی از فرصت­طلبی­های بانی جلوگیری می‎کند و بانی به احتمال بیشتر وظایف تعیین‎شده را هنگام اعطای وام به متقاضیان انجام می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimal design of securitization in a principal-agent relationship based on Bayesian inference for moral hazard

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ezatollah Abbasian 1
  • Mohsen Ebrahimi 1
  • Elham Farzanegan 2
1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamada, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate in Economics, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamada, Iran
چکیده [English]

 In the securitization process, by selling the mortgage loans to risk-lover investors, originator can allocate the mortgage loans risk to them. In this case, originator may not have an incentive to screen out borrowers, resulting in the moral hazard problem. This paper, within a principal-agent framework, analyzes this agency problem. Investor, to reduce asymmetric information, uses compensation scheme for giving incentives to the originator and by using the Bayesʼ rule, deals with inferring various dimensions of undertaken effort, and incorporates her joint posterior beliefs of the pooled loans’ credit position data and inferred various dimensions of effort into the designing contract problem. The results indicate that the shape of optimal contract is a function of the information content of investors’ observations and inferred knowledge about efforts, suggesting that using additional information prevents originator’s opportunism, the originator more likely performs the obligated tasks when lending the loans to the applicants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • IBP stochastic process
  • Moral hazard
  • Mortgage-Backed Securities
  • nonparametric Bayesian inference
  • optimal design of multi-task compensation scheme
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