FRJ, guided by the principles of COPE (https://publicationethics.org), is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. When errors or ethical issues are identified, appropriate corrective actions are taken to ensure that readers are accurately informed.

Corrections (Corrigenda and Errata)

Minor Errors: Errors that affect the accuracy of a published article but do not substantially change or invalidate its conclusions will normally be addressed through the publication of a Correction (Erratum or Corrigendum). Authors are expected to promptly notify the editor or publisher upon discovering any significant error in their published work and to fully cooperate in the correction process.

Authorship Changes: Any addition, removal, or rearrangement of authors after submission requires formal submission of the Post-Submission Authorship Amendment Form (https://zenodo.org/records/17750189/files/Authorship_Change_Request_Form.docx?download=1) along with written approval from all authors and the journal editor. After acceptance, only minor corrections (such as spelling errors in author names) may be considered. Changes to authorship after acceptance or publication are only allowed in exceptional circumstances and require approval from all authors and the editor. Unauthorized changes may result in rejection or retraction.

Retractions

Major Errors or Misconduct: An article may be retracted in rare cases where its findings or conclusions are seriously compromised due to major errors, including data fabrication, falsification, or other forms of research misconduct. Retraction decisions are based on the reliability and integrity of the published work.

Retraction Procedure: When a retraction is issued, a Retraction Notice is published online and linked bidirectionally to the original article. The original article remains accessible but is clearly marked as “Retracted Article.” The retraction notice explains the reason for the action. In serious cases involving confirmed misconduct, the author’s institution may be notified. FRJ follows COPE Retraction Guidelines (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/guideline/retraction-guidelines).

Expressions of Concern

An Editorial Expression of Concern (EEoC) may be issued by the editors when there are serious concerns about the integrity of a published article, particularly when an investigation is ongoing. EEoCs are published and indexed and serve as an interim measure until a final decision is made, which may result in a correction or retraction.

Removal of Content

In exceptional circumstances—such as defamation, legal infringement, violation of intellectual property rights, or immediate risk to public health—FRJ reserves the right to temporarily or permanently remove published content from its online platforms.